磁性聚苯乙烯-氯甲基苯乙烯材料的合成及其对蒽的吸附性能研究

采用4-氯甲基苯乙烯(VBC)为单体,二乙烯基苯为交联剂(DVB),以磁性γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)修饰硅胶微球为核,在偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)引发下,以甲苯和聚乙二醇2000的混合溶液(质量比1∶2)为联合致孔剂,原位聚合制备了磁性聚苯乙烯-氯甲基苯乙烯材料(Fe3O4@Si O2@DVBVBC)。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和氮气物理吸附对该材料的结构和组成特性进行了表征。以蒽为考察对象,对制备材料的吸附性能进行了考察,发现单体和交联剂的质量比对材料的吸附能力影响较大。当单体和交联剂的质量比为1∶4时,对蒽的吸附性能最佳。材料的孔结构会影响吸附平衡时间。制备的材料对蒽能够在30 min内达到吸附平衡且吸附率达95%。该材料对多环芳烃化合物的吸附主要依靠疏水作用。吸附动力学研究表明,材料对蒽的吸附性能对准一级动力学方程具有较好的拟合程度。采用2 mL乙腈涡旋15 min可将99%的蒽洗脱下来。     

No Strain,No Gain? Enzymatic Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Strainless Aliphatic Macrolactones

Starting from readily available oleic and erucic acid, macrocyclic nonadecalactone (C₁₉) and tricosalactone (C₂₃) can be synthesized in polymerization grade purity in a four‐step reaction sequence. Ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of these strainless macrolactones can be performed utilizing an enzyme as a catalyst. Despite the missing ring‐strain as key driving force for smaller (strained) lactones, high molar masses (M _n ≈ 10⁵ g mol⁻¹) can be accessed in an entropically driven ROP. Polyester‐19 and polyester‐23 prepared feature melting temperatures well above 100 °C. Further analysis of the mechanical properties of these materials displays the resemblance to polyethylene. For example, Young's moduli on the order of 600 MPa are observed as a result of the high crystallinity of the polymer.

     

膨胀石墨/聚苯胺/Fe_3O_4复合材料的制备及吸波性能

采用原位聚合方法制备了膨胀石墨/聚苯胺(EG/PANI)复合材料,将Fe_3O_4负载于EG/PANI表面,得到具有电磁吸收性能的EG/PANI/Fe_3O_4复合材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)及矢量网络分析仪(VNA)等对复合材料的形貌、成分和吸波性能进行了研究.吸波性能分析结果表明,当掺杂浓度为0.05 mol/L,匹配厚度d=2 mm时,样品的最小反射损耗(RLmin)在8.64 GHz处达到-37 dB.随着掺杂浓度的增加,最小反射损耗峰向低频移动,对应的匹配厚度逐渐变厚.材料的介电弛豫极化、涡流损耗及λ/4模型的干涉相消现象出现的双峰,使EG/PANI/Fe_3O_4复合材料在电磁波吸收领域有一定的应用前景.     

Hβ/Al-SBA-15介微孔复合分子筛负载Ni-W催化剂对萘加氢裂化制BTX的催化性能

采用后合成法制备Hβ/Al-SBA-15复合分子筛,利用XRD、N_2吸附、Py-IR、NH_3-TPD、SEM和TEM等手段进行表征。用浸渍法将Ni-W活性组分担载在Hβ/Al-SBA-15载体上,制备Ni-W/Hβ/Al-SBA-15催化剂,以萘为模型化合物,考察该催化剂的加氢裂化性能。结果表明,所合成的Hβ/Al-SBA-15复合分子筛既有介孔结构又有微孔结构,并同时具有B酸和L酸中心,酸性强于SBA-15。具有适度酸性位和介微孔结构的Ni-W/Hβ/Al-SBA-15催化剂,对萘加氢裂化具有较高的萘转化率和BTX选择性,分别为96%和61.1%。     

新型反相/强阴离子交换混合模式材料用于磷酸化肽富集

建立了新型反相/强阴离子交换混合模式材料(C18/SAX)的磷酸化肽富集方法.考察了流动相组成(乙腈浓度、甲酸浓度、缓冲盐浓度)对酪蛋白(α-Casein)酶解液中磷酸化肽分离选择性的影响.实验结果表明,磷酸化肽在C18/SAX上的保留行为受疏水和离子交换作用力的共同调控,单磷酸化肽先于多磷酸化肽从材料上洗脱出来.随着甲酸浓度增加,磷酸化肽的保留减弱;随着盐浓度增加,磷酸化肽保留变小.采用优化后的流动相,建立以20％ ACN/20 mmol/L NH4Ac作为上样溶液,20％ ACN/0.1％ FA和50％ ACN/100 mmol/L NH4Ac/2％ FA分别作为洗脱液分段洗脱单、多磷酸化肽的方法.以α-Casein和人血清白蛋白(HSA)酶解液的混合溶液(1∶20,n/n)作为模拟样品,实现了单、多磷酸化肽的同时富集和分段洗脱,分别检测到4条单磷酸化肽和14条多磷酸化肽的信号.将本方法用于牛奶中的磷酸化肽检测,共鉴定到4条单磷酸化肽和8条多磷酸化肽信号.结果表明,本富集方法选择性高,有良好的应用前景.     

Study on cyanobiphenyl nematic doped by silver nanoparticles

We study the effects of doped (1%wt and 2%wt) silver nanoparticles on material properties of nematic liquid crystal: 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl. Using differential scanning calorimetry, electrical and dielectric measurements methods, we show that the doped NPs do not affect the nematic’s phase clearing point, lower the dielectric anisotropy, viscosity, switching-off time, and increase the threshold voltage and elasticity of the nematic. We report that the doped materials temperature behaviour of Frederick’s transition threshold voltage and switching-off time, deviates from the expected behaviour for pristine nematics. To explain this anomalous behaviour, we perform data analysis of the governing Frederick’s transition material parameters of studied samples. We show that the elastic parameter of doped samples is not following the predictions of Maier–Saupe theory, which is valid for conventional nematics. We report that the doped samples temperature behaviour of the elastic parameter follows the predictions of the Gelbart and Ben-Shaul theory.     

三维介孔钴酸锌立方体的制备及其优异的储锂性能

采用简易、温和、实际耐用的水热方法制备了新型三维介孔立方体结构的钴酸锌纳米材料。每个钴酸锌立方体的边长大约在3-4μm之间,并由大量的纳米粒子和密集的孔隙所构成。通过氮吸附/脱附手段测试发现所制备的钴酸锌纳米材料具有较大的比表面积(41.4 m2?g~(-1))和介孔(6.32 nm)特性。使用钴酸锌纳米材料作为锂离子电池负极,金属锂作为正极组装锂电池并测试了材料的储锂性能。研究发现该电极材料在较高的电流密度下循环100周后,仍能呈现较高的可逆容量和超强的循环稳定性。这种优异的储锂性能主要归因于钴酸锌纳米材料的新型结构,这种介孔立方体结构能够加速锂离子的扩散,增加电极与电解液的接触面积并缓解锂离子嵌入/嵌出期间产生的体积膨胀。     

光致形变液晶高分子

交联液晶高分子兼具液晶的各向异性和高分子网络的弹性,并且具有优异的分子协同作用.在交联液晶高分子中引入光响应基团,例如偶氮苯后,即可赋予其光致形变性能,利用分子协同作用可以将光化学反应引起的分子结构变化放大为宏观形变,从而将光能直接转化成机械能.通过合理的分子结构和取向设计可以使液晶高分子产生诸如伸缩、弯曲、扭曲、振动等多种形式的光致形变,并用于各类光控柔性执行器件的构筑,在人工肌肉、微型机器人、微量液体操控等领域呈现出独特的优势和广阔的应用前景.本文总结和评述了光致形变液晶高分子的研究,包括材料结构对光致形变性能的影响、新型可加工光致形变材料的研究、利用可见光和近红外光触发形变的策略,以及光致形变液晶高分子微执行器在微量液体操控中的应用,最后展望了该领域的发展方向.     

芴基张力半导体结构和光电性质的理论研究

[4]Cyclo-9, 9-dimethyl-2, 7-fluorenylene ([4]CF) was used as a model compound to explore the steric strain effect on the structures and photoelectrical properties of materials. A series of strained cyclic polyfluorene materials, [n]CFs (n=3-8), was designed. It was found that the strain energy decreased and the energy gap increased as the number of n and ring diameter increased. The ionization potential and electronic affinity tended to increase and decrease as the strain energy decreased at the same number of [n]CFs, respectively. With a balance between hole and electron reorganization energies in the system, these compounds demonstrated great potential as ambipolar materials. It was also found that [n]CFs showed an obvious blue shift in their emission spectra wavelengths (λ_em2) as the strain energy decreased. Steric strain provides a powerful tool for the design of multifunctional semiconductors in organic optoelectronics.     

Analysis of an elasto-piezoelectric system of hemivariational inequalities with thermal effects

In this paper we prove the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution for a dynamic electo-viscoelastic problem that describes a contact between a body and a foundation. We assume the body is made from thermoviscoelastic material and consider nonmonotone boundary conditions for the contact. We use recent results from the theory of hemivariational inequalities and the fixed point theory.